Historically, and even on some modern embedded systems, the file systems either had no support for directories at all or had only a "flat" directory structure, meaning subdirectories were not supported there were only a group of top-level directories, each containing files. Usually a file can only be in one directory at a time, but here File 2 is hard linked so it appears in two directories. The root directory is here called "MFD", for Master File Directory. Overview Diagram of a hierarchical directory tree. This is not an IANA registered media type. The media type for directories within many Unix systems – including but not limited to systems using GNOME, KDE Plasma 5, or ROX Desktop as the desktop environment – is "inode/directory". The top-most directory in such a filesystem, which does not have a parent of its own, is called the root directory. The terms parent and child are often used to describe the relationship between a subdirectory and the directory in which it is cataloged, the latter being the parent. In a hierarchical file system (that is, one in which files and directories are organized in a manner that resembles a tree), a directory contained inside another directory is called a subdirectory. The name derives from books like a telephone directory that lists the phone numbers of all the people living in a certain area.įiles are organized by storing related files in the same directory. On many computers, directories are known as folders, or drawers, analogous to a workbench or the traditional office filing cabinet. In computing, a directory is a file system cataloging structure which contains references to other computer files, and possibly other directories. File system structure for locating files Screenshot of a Microsoft Windows command prompt window showing a directory listing.
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